Comprehensive Peace Accord — End of 10-Year Maoist Insurgency
विस्तृत शान्ति सम्झौता — १० वर्षे माओवादी द्वन्द्वको अन्त
What happened
Nepal had a civil war for 10 years (1996-2006) between the government and the Maoist rebels. 17,000 people died. In 2006, both sides finally agreed to stop fighting and work together. The Maoists would put down their guns and join regular politics. This deal changed Nepal completely.
Full Verified Record
The Comprehensive Peace Accord (CPA), signed on 21 November 2006 by Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala and CPN (Maoist) Chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal (Prachanda), formally ended Nepal's decade-long civil war. The Maoist People's War, which began on 13 February 1996, killed an estimated 17,000 people, displaced hundreds of thousands, and devastated rural Nepal. The CPA committed to: democratic republic transition, integration of Maoist combatants (19,000 strong) into the Nepal Army or voluntary discharge, a Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution, and investigation of human rights violations. The accord was brokered with Indian facilitation and UN monitoring. It paved the way for Nepal's transition from a monarchy to a federal democratic republic.
२१ नोभेम्बर २००६ मा हस्ताक्षरित विस्तृत शान्ति सम्झौताले नेपालको १० वर्षे गृहयुद्ध समाप्त गर्यो। यो युद्धमा अनुमानित १७,००० जनाको मृत्यु भएको थियो।
Why it mattered
The CPA ended one of Asia's longest Maoist insurgencies and set Nepal on a path to becoming a republic. It enabled the Constituent Assembly elections of 2008 (which the Maoists won), the abolition of the monarchy, and ultimately the 2015 constitution. The failure to fully implement the CPA — particularly accountability for war-era violations — remained an unresolved issue in 2026.
Who was affected
17,000 families who lost members. 19,000 Maoist combatants. Hundreds of thousands of internally displaced people. Rural Nepal's damaged infrastructure. Nepal's political system.
Verification
verified
Editorial status
approved
Fact sensitivity
Level 1 of 5
Last updated
29 May 2026