Nepal General Election 2022 — Fragmented Result, Coalitions Begin

What happened

The 2022 election produced no clear winner. Many small parties won seats and Nepal spent the next two years trying to form stable coalitions. The most surprising result was RSP — a brand-new party — winning 20 seats in its very first election, showing that voters were looking for alternatives.

Full Verified Record

The 2022 general elections (20 November 2022) produced Nepal's most fragmented parliamentary result since 1999. No party won a majority. CPN-UML won 78 seats, Nepali Congress 89 seats, CPN (Maoist Centre) 32 seats, and RSP (Rastriya Swatantra Party) 20 seats in its first-ever election — a stunning debut. Multiple coalition governments formed and collapsed over the next two years. The election marked RSP's entry into national politics and Balen Shah's post-mayoral platform for a national audience.

२० नोभेम्बर २०२२ मा भएको आम निर्वाचनले खण्डित संसद दियो। नेपाली काँग्रेसले ८९, एमालेले ७८ र रास्वपाले आफ्नो पहिलो चुनावमै २० सिट जित्यो।

Why it mattered

The 2022 result confirmed the fragmentation of Nepal's traditional three-party system and validated RSP as a credible national party. The instability of subsequent coalitions intensified public frustration and set the conditions for the 2025 protests and 2026 RSP landslide.