KP Sharma Oli's Constitutional Crisis — Parliament Dissolved Twice

What happened

Prime Minister Oli dissolved Nepal's parliament twice in one year when he thought he might lose power. Each time, the Supreme Court said it was illegal and ordered parliament reopened. Nepal had five prime ministers in about two years. The whole episode showed how broken Nepal's political system had become.

Full Verified Record

Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli dissolved parliament on 20 December 2020, triggering Nepal's worst constitutional crisis since 2001. The Supreme Court restored parliament in March 2021. Oli dissolved it again in May 2021. The Supreme Court again ordered restoration in July 2021. Oli lost a confidence vote and was replaced. The crisis exposed: the extreme fragility of Nepal's parliamentary coalitions, the prime minister's ability to use presidential prorogation for political survival, and the Supreme Court's willingness to push back. Five prime ministers served between July 2021 and November 2022.

प्रधानमन्त्री केपी शर्मा ओलीले २० डिसेम्बर २०२० मा संसद विघटन गरे। सर्वोच्च अदालतले पुनर्स्थापना गर्यो। ओलीले फेरि विघटन गरे। अदालतले फेरि पुनर्स्थापना गर्यो।

Why it mattered

Oli's constitutional crisis accelerated public disillusionment with Nepal's established political parties. The pattern of self-interested politics — dissolving parliament to avoid accountability — became a central grievance of the 2025 Gen Z uprising and the RSP's campaign platform.